I take it for granted that Linux computers can read Microsoft Windows file systems on hard drives. It doesn’t work the other way in most cases. Using Linux to read the NTFS file system saved a client’s data last month when their Windows laptop had a problem. It went to sleep while they were at lunch and when they returned it went into Windows recovery mode. It was brought to me to repair and it turned into a huge ordeal. I ended up using my Linux desktop computer to execute disk utilities on their M.2 SSD drive. I tried Windows tools and they failed This repaired whatever was wrong and once the drive was installed in the laptop, Windows 11 started as it was supposed to.